• Performance Tests for Road Aggregates and Alternative Materials – Stage 1 and 2 (including developing a Transit New Zealand Specification for Repeated Load Triaxial Testing);
• The affect of adding recycled glass on the performance of basecourse aggregate.
• Compliance Testing using the Falling Weight Deflectometer (FWD) for Pavement Construction, Rehabilitation and Area Wide Treatments

The projects above are funded by Land Transport NZ but subcontracted through David Alabaster, CAPTIF Manager, Transit New Zealand.  Dr Sabine Werkmeister of the University of Canterbury and Dresden University, Germany assist in these research project.

New off the press! Pavespec Ltd was successful in obtaining 2007/08 research funding for the following projects:

• Development of a Basecourse/Subbase Design Criterion - click here to dowload a description of this project
• Pavement Thickness Design Charts Derived from Rut Depth Models - click here to dowload a description of this project

Paper and References relevant to RLTT are listed below (please contact Dr Greg Arnold if interested in a copy):

Arnold, G., Alabaster, D.A., Steven, B.D. 2006 (in press). Effect on Pavement Wear of an Increase in Mass Limits for Heavy Vehicles – Concluding Report.  Land Transport New Zealand Research Report.

Arnold G., 2004. Rutting of Granular Pavements. PhD Thesis, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.

Voung, B. Arnold, G. 2006 (in press). Predicting In-service Performance of Alternative Pavement Materials. Land Transport New Zealand Research Report.

Werkmeister S., Steven B. D, Alabaster D. J. , Arnold G. and OESER M, 3D Finite Element analysis of accelerated pavement test results from New Zealand’s CAPTIF Facility, Bearing Capacity of Roads, Railways and Airfields: Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on the Bearing Capacity of Roads and Airfields (BCRA), Trondheim (N),  24.-26. June 2005.

Arnold, G., Alabaster, D., and Steven, B. (2001). Prediction of Pavement Performance from Repeat Load Tri-Axial Tests on Granular Materials. Transfund New Zealand Research Report 214. Wellington, Transfund New Zealand.

Arnold G.,  Steven B., Alabaster D., Fussell A, (2001) Effect on pavement wear of an increase in mass limits for heavy vehicles –Stage 3, Transfund New Zealand Research Report No xxx. Wellington, New Zealand. (In Press)

Arnold, G. Dawson, A. Werkmeister, S. Hughes, D. Robinson, D. 2003. Using Shakedown Approach as a Simple Means of Predicting Rutting in Unsealed and Chip-sealed Pavements.  21st ARRB and 11th REAAA Conference, 18-23 May 2003 Cairns, Queensland, Australia.

Arnold, G. Dawson, A. Hughes, D. Robinson, D. 2002. The Application of Shakedown Approach to Granular Pavement Layers.  Ninth International Conference on Asphalt Pavements, 17-22 August 2002, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Arnold, GK, Dawson, AR, Hughes, D, Robinson, D 2002, Serviceability Design of Granular Pavement Materials, 6th Int. Conf. on the Bearing Capacity of Roads and Airfields, June, Lisbon, Portugal.

Arnold, GK, Dawson, AR, Hughes, D, Robinson, D 2003, Design of Granular Pavements, 8th Int. Conf. on Low Volume Roads, June, Reno, Nevada, USA.

Arnold, G. 1999. Design of Rehabilitation Treatments for New Zealand'’ Thin Surfaced Unbound Granular Pavements. Proceedings of the TRB’s 7th International Conference on Low Volume Roads, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA, May 23 – 27, 1999. No. 1652, volume 2.

Arnold, G. 1999.  Performance Based Specifications for Road Construction and Materials.  31st Annual Combined Conference of the Institute of Quarrying NZ Branch and Aggregate and Quarry Association of NZ (Inc.), Hamilton 14 – 16 July 1999.

Arnold, G. Morkel, C. 1998.  Mechanistic Design of Asphalt Rehabilitation Treatments for New Zealand Roads.  19th ARRB Conference Transport 98, Sydney, Dec 1998.

Arnold, G. 1998. Performance Based Specifications for Road Construction and Materials. National Pavement Stabilisation Strategies for the Future Symposium, Rotorua, 18-20 October 1998.

Arnold, G. Dunlop, R. 1998. Why Stabilisation is Important. National Pavement Stabilisation Strategies for the Future Symposium, Rotorua, 18-20 October 1998.

Arnold, G. 1998. Engineered Pavements.  Proceedings of Roading Geotechnics ’98 New Zealand Geotechnical Society Symposium, Auckland July 1998.

Arnold, G. Bartley Consultants Ltd. Steven, B. 1999. Materials & Methods Needed to Prepare Subgrades Suitable for CAPTIF.  Transfund New Zealand Research Report No. 142. Wellington, NZ.

Pidwerbesky, B. Steven, B. Arnold, G. 1997.  Subgrade strain criterion for limiting rutting in asphalt pavements.  Eighth International Conference on Asphalt Pavements. Seattle, Washington, USA.

Pidwerbesky, B. Arnold, G. 1996.  Polymer-modified bitumens in chip seals for high stress conditions.  ROADS 96 combined 18th ARRB Transport Research & Transit NZ Conference, Christchurch, NZ. 2 - 6 Sept 1996.

Arnold, G. Howard, D. 1996.  Chip Seal Trials for Off-Highway Forestry Roads (year two).  LIRO Report Vol. 21 No. 25. Logging Industry Research Organisation, Rotorua.

WELLNER, F; WERKMEISTER, S, Beitrag zur Untersuchung des Verformungsverhaltens ungebundener Gesteinskörnungen mit Hilfe der SHAKEDOWN-Theorie, Straße + Autobahn 6/2000, S. 369 – 375.

WERKMEISTER S, NUMRICH R, Beitrag zur Untersuchung des Verformungsverhaltens ungebundener Gesteinskörnungen mit Hilfe der SHAKEDOWN-Theorie, Schriftenreihe der Professur für Straßenbau Heft 11, TU Dresden, 2000.

WERKMEISTER S, NUMRICH R, WELLNER F, Resilient and permanent deformation behaviour of unbound granular materials, in: Unbound aggregates in road construction: Proceedings of the fifth international symposium on unbound aggregates in roads (UNBAR 5), Nottingham (UK), 21.-23. June 2000, Balkema (Rotterdam) 2000, S. 171-180, 12 B, 6 T, 8 Q

WERKMEISTER, S; DAWSON, A; WELLNER, F, Permanent Deformation Behavior of Unbound Granular Materials and the Shakedown-Theory, Journal of  Transportation Research Board, No. 1757 pp. 75-81, Geomaterials 2001.

WERKMEISTER S, NUMRICH R & WELLNER, F,  The Development of a Permanent Deformation Design Model for Unbound Granular Materials with the Shakedown-Concept, in: Bearing Capacity of Roads, Railways and Airfields: Proceedings of the 6 th international symposium on the Bearing Capacity of Roads and Airfields (BCRA), Lisbon (P),  24.-26. June 2002, Balkema (Rotterdam) 2002, pp. 1081-1098. 

ARNOLD G, DAWSON A, HUGES D, WERKMEISTER S & ROBINSON D, Serviceability Design of Granular Pavement Materials, in: Bearing Capacity of Roads, Railways and Airfields: Proceedings of the 6 th International Symposium on the Bearing Capacity of Roads and Airfields (BCRA), Lisbon (P),  24.-26. June 2002, Balkema (Rotterdam) 2002, pp. 957 - 966.

WERKMEISTER S, DAWSON A R, & WELLNER F, Deformation Behavior of Granular Materials under repeated dynamic load, Workshop Environmental Geomechanics – Monte Verità (CH) 2002.

WERKMEISTER S, NUMRICH R & WELLNER, F,  Modeling of Unbound Granular Layers in Pavement Constructions, CD of the 9th International Conference on Asphalt Pavements (ISAP), Copenhagen (DK),  August 17-22 2002, Paper No. 1:66.   

WERKMEISTER S, DAWSON A R, WELLNER  F, Design of granular pavement layers considering climatic conditions (03-2645), Journal of  Transportation Research Board, No. 1837 pp. 61-70 Geomaterials 2003.

WERKMEISTER S, DAWSON A R, WELLNER  F, Design concept of unbound granular layers in pavement constructions, 21st ARRB Transport Research Conference, Cairns (AUS), 18-23 May, 2003.

DAWSON A, ARNOLD G, WERKMEISTER S, HUGHES D, ROBINSON D, Using a Shakedown Approach as a Simple Means of Predicting Rutting in Unsealed and Chip-sealed Pavements, 21st ARRB Transport Research Conference, Cairns (AUS), 18-23 May, 2003.

WERKMEISTER S, WELLNER F, Permanent Deformation behaviour of Unbound Granular Materials, 3rd International Symposium on Testing, Evaluation and Design of  Pavement Constructions, TU Dresden, 3-4 April, 2003.

WERKMEISTER S, Permanent deformation behaviour of unbound granular materials in pavement constructions, Dissertation, TU Dresden, 2003.

WELLNER F, JÄHNIG J, KIEHNE A, WERKMEISTER S, Bemessung von Asphaltbefestigungen, Straße + Autobahn, 4/2003, 54. Jahrgang, S. 196-203.

WERKMEISTER S, NUMRICH R, WELLNER F, Weitergehende Betrachtungen zur Beschreibung des Verformungsverhaltens ungebundener Gesteinskörnungen im Rahmen einer analytischen Bemessung, Straße + Autobahn, 1/2004, 55. Jahrgang, S. 11-23.

WERKMEISTER S, DAWSON A R, WELLNER F. Pavement Design Model for Unbound Granular Materials,  Journal of Transportation Engineering, ASCE American Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 130, No. 5, pp 665-674, 2004.

WERKMEISTER S, WELLNER F. Die Untersuchung des Ermüdungsverhaltens von Asphaltgemischen mit dem dynamischen Spaltzugversuch im Rahmen einer analytischen Bemessung, Zeitschrift Bitumen, Heft 3/2004, S. 98-103.

WERKMEISTER S, WELLNER F, OESER M & MOELLER B, DESIGN CRITAERIA OF GRANULAR PAVEMENT LAYERS Proceedings of the fifth international symposium on unbound aggregates in roads (UNBAR 6), Nottingham (UK), 6.-8. July 2004, Balkema (Rotterdam) 2004.

OESER M,  MOELLER B, WERKMEISTER S & WELLNER F, 3D Constitutive Model for Unbound Granular Materials ICCES'04 Conference Madeira, Portugal, 26-29. July 2004.

WERKMEISTER, S, DAWSON, A R & WELLNER, "Permanent Deformation Behavior of Granular Materials and the Shakedown-Concept", Int. Jnl. Road Materials and Pavement Design, Vol. 6., pp. 31-51, 2005.
   
WERKMEISTER S, STEVEN B. D, ALABASTER D. J. , ARNOLD G. AND OESER M, 3D Finite Element analysis of accelerated pavement test results from New Zealand’s CAPTIF Facility, Bearing Capacity of Roads, Railways and Airfields: Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on the Bearing Capacity of Roads and Airfields (BCRA), Trondheim (N),  24.-26. June 2005.

WERKMEISTER S., STEVEN B. D, ALABASTER D. J. AND DE PONT J.  Untersuchung des Einflusses der Achslasterhöhung auf die Beanspruchung von Straßenbefestigungen - Ergebnisse von Rundlaufversuchen, Strasse+Autobahn 03/2005, 56. Jahrgang, S. 146-150.

WERKMEISTER, S.  Shakedown analysis of Unbound Granular Materials using accelerated pavement test results from New Zealand’s CAPTIF Facility, GeoShanghai Conference, 2006.

Werkmeister S, Steven B D, Alabaster D J (2005) Mechanistic-empirical approach for prediction of remaining life of Low Volume Roads using Falling-Weight-Deflectometer Deflections. Paper submitted to the Road & Transport Research Journal (ARRB), Australia.

Pidwerbesky B & Werkmeister S (2006) Better Performing Pavements: Performance of modified Basecourse Aggregates using RLT Test Results, Transit NZ & NZIHT Conference, Auckland, October 15 – 17, 2006, NZ.

Werkmeister S, Steven B & Alabaster D J (2007) A practical method to estimate the remaining pavement life of Low Volume Roads using Falling Weight Deflectometer Results. Paper accepted for the Low Volume Road Conference 2007, USA.

Werkmeister S, Gonsalez A, Hayward B and Alabaster D (2007) 3D Finite Element elastic analysis of accelerated pavement test results from New Zealand’s CAPTIF Facility International Conference on Advanced Characterization of Pavement and Soil Engineering Materials, Athens, June 2007 (accepted).